Description Of A Lower Rhytidectomy ( Neck Lift - 1018 Words

A Lower Rhytidectomy (Neck Lift) is a surgical procedure designed to address signs of aging in the neck and jawline. Dr. John Michael Thomassen is a Board Certified Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeon who performs Neck Lifts at his surgical suite in Fort Lauderdale. Reasons People Choose to Have a Neck Lift Individuals who notice that they have excessive wrinkling in the skin on their neck, a double chin, ‘turkey wattle’ and jowl lines, but do not feel they need a full facelift will sometimes choose to have a Neck Lift. Various factors cause the loss of youthful contours in the neck and face. These factors include environmental conditions, genetics, gravity and stress. Issues a Neck Lift Can Address A Neck Lift can address: Loose skin on the neck. Fatty deposits beneath the chin. he excess fat and relaxed skin that creates the jowls on the lower face. Muscle bands on the neck (caused by abnormal contours). An Ideal Candidate for a Neck Lift in Fort Lauderdale A good candidate for a Lower Rhytidectomy is: An individual who has realistic expectations and a positive outlook as to what a Neck Lift can accomplish. A healthy individual who does not smoke. A Neck Lift Consultation with Dr. Thomassen in Fort Lauderdale – What to Expect During their Lower Rhytidectomy consultation, patients should be prepared to discuss their surgical goals. Dr. Thomassen will want to know if the patient has any medical conditions, has previously had any kind of

Argument On The Morality Of Adultery - 1371 Words

A Short Argument on the Morality of Adultery The recent discussion of Richard Wasserstrom’s article â€Å"Is Adultery Immoral† has raised a controversial issue of whether the view that adultery is immoral is indeed a valid view. On the one hand Wasserstrom presents two of the standard reasons why we would consider it immoral, because it breaks a promise and because adultery involves deception. From this perspective, we might automatically assume that adultery is immoral based on the following simple train of thought. First, we can agree that breaking a promise is morally wrong and since adultery is the breaking of a promise therefore it is morally wrong as well. On the other hand, however, others would argue that adultery is not immoral. They might present a situation such as the following one which Wasserstrom uses in his article. It goes like this â€Å"Let us imagine that a husband and wife have what is today sometimes characterized as an â€Å"open marriage.† Suppose, that is that they have agreed in advance that extramarital sex is – under certain circumstances - acceptable behavior for each to engage in†(202). Using this idea they could argue as Wasserstrom does that in such a situation if there were no deception between any of the parties involved and clearly no promise has been broken therefore the adultery couldn’t be considered immoral. Thus those in opposition to the position that adultery is immoral could go on to state that at the maybe adultery isn’t always immoral or atShow MoreRelatedWhen two people walk down the aisle and make a promise to love one another â€Å"till death do us part,†1000 Words   |  4 Pagesspouse and never wander from their loved one. If they stray from their loved one; having sexual intercourse with someone other than their spouse. They are committing adultery. Adulterous behavior can be seen to fall with the domain of morality. For men and women there are many reasons they have committed or are committing adultery. For the most part many who have affairs have a good sex life but come from marriages with little or no intimacy. When a spouses needs are not met many marriages tendRead MoreAdultery Corrupts Society Essay1142 Words   |  5 Pagesor phrases in an attempt to avoid the term adultery; unfaithfulness, infidelity, playing the field, extramarital relations, and having an affair are just a few. Regardless of how the act is labeled, the net result ends in the destruction of reputation, trust, and respect. Ancient cultures understood adultery to be dangerous, even the writers of the Bible granted the act its own â€Å"Thou Shalt Not.† Many societies, including the U.S., have outlawed adultery; in some cultures the penalty for this crimeRead MoreMorality without God Essay1303 Words   |  6 PagesMorality without God This question begins by assuming morals were created entirely by God and not just approved of by God. It also bypasses the possibility that there is no such God and man created morals using the authority intrinsic in the idea of a God in order to enforce them; thus raising the possibility that morals are learned but also partly innate and instinctual to humankind. The ideas raised target those who have no religious persuasionRead MoreThe Immorality of Adultery Essay1661 Words   |  7 PagesThe Immorality of Adultery Sex is believed, by some, to be a universal language, one that is free of grammatical errors and spelling mistakes; a language that can be â€Å"spoken† and understood by two complete strangers who may have nothing in commonRead MoreZafiya Shamim UU2001547 Words   |  7 PagesShould there be law against adultery DECLARATION: I declare that this essay is my original work. Due credit has been given to all sources I used. Signature and Date: 15/04/15 Love is patient, love never fails and adultery was understood to be destructive in the earliest days of civilization, thus earning its own ‘Thou Shalt Not’. Adultery literally refers to married persons having sexual intercourse with someone other than their lawful spouse. Adultery is hurtful and affectsRead MoreWhat Makes A Good Person?933 Words   |  4 Pages The second reason for why adultery is ethically wrong is because it makes you a bad person. When confronted about cheating or considering cheating you would judge not by the consequences of it but by the morality of the act itself. You would be judged and questioned about your moral character. Moral character is the person you think you are and the person you’re aspired to be. This is the main element of virtue ethics. Virtue ethics focuses on specific qualities that make a good person. AlsoRead MoreCan Society Exist Without Law869 Words   |  4 PagesCAN SOCIETIES EXIST WITHOUT LAW The question whether society can exist without law is somewhat an interesting question, because depending on which context you may want to look at this question there may be views and arguments that tends to differ because of how individuals view the law and society, indicating for or against whether society can indeed exist without laws. This could be a great debate but first we need to answer questions like what is society? What is law?. According to Black’sRead MoreA World Without Morality By Sezlyn Petersen Essay982 Words   |  4 PagesA World without Morality by Sezlyn Petersen In this paper, I will discuss Error Theory Nihilism and it’s relation to Moral Abolitionism. According to Richard T. Garner, the world would be a better place if we abolished morality by eradicating all objective moral truths. This means that the morals and values I’ve heard all throughout my life would become non-existent, and suggests that people should live their life without identifying things as right and wrong. However, this way of thinking isRead MoreReligion and Morality1563 Words   |  7 PagesIn this paper I will discuss the relationship between religion and morality. I will first address the question asked by those with religion, how are atheists moral? Then I will examine morality and its relativity to culture. Next I will explore whether those without a religion are actually more moral than those with a religion. And finally, I will discuss any possible objections to my claims. This argument is in no way saying that those that believe in God are unmoral but that those who don’tRead MoreThe Divine Command Theory And The Doctrine Dilemma Essay1448 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction – The Divine Command Theory is the idea that morality is ingrained in the nature and command of God, and the Euthyphro Dilemma is one of the most common arguments refuting the Divine Command Theory. The argument was inspired by Plato’s Euthyphro dialogue, which contains the question â€Å"Are morally good acts willed by god because they are morally good? Or are morally good acts, morally good because they are willed by god?† (Euthyphro, 10a). This question raises large problems for the Divine

Made to Order Babies Free Essays

Imagine sitting down at a table and being handed a menu, but this is no ordinary menu to order food off of. No, this menu is at a medical clinic and it’s the menu to your new customized â€Å"designer baby†. Technology has advanced so much in the past couple years that this situation could happen very soon. We will write a custom essay sample on Made to Order Babies or any similar topic only for you Order Now If not in your lifetime, then in that of your children’s. What is a â€Å"designer baby†? It’s exactly as the words imply; a baby genetically modified to what the parents call â€Å"the perfect baby†. Today, the sex of the baby, the hair color, and the eye color can all be modified to the choice of the parent. And soon other things will be possible, such as modifying genetic defects in a baby. All of this would probably sound very appealing to someone that is just being introduced to the topic, but what about the side effects? Are there any? Is there any possibility that the baby will come out harmed or with some other defect that was caused by a â€Å"modification†? There are no answers for these questions, because even scientists and doctors do not know. So, should society take the risk of harming innocent babies to try and create â€Å"the perfect baby†? No, we should not. The â€Å"designer baby† is immoral and should be illegal. Nobody knows the side effects of modifying a baby, not even the scientists who conduct the research. Not only physical side effects, but also emotional and societal side effects. We do not know how society would perceive a genetically modified human. Procedures that are done to modify a baby include terminating some embryos. There are a lot of people who would see this action as immoral. If there are riots outside of clinics because they think of abortion as being immoral, those same people would most likely riot in protest to â€Å"designer babies†. There is also the question as to what will happen once everyone is â€Å"perfect† and â€Å"perfectly modified†. What will these â€Å"perfect† people think of those who already have genetic defects? They may think of them as inferior, and look down on them. That could lead to a new type of â€Å"genetic† discrimination (Baird 12-16). If laws were made against being able to design babies, then we would not have to worry about these problems. In 2009 an article titled Designing Rules for Designer Babies was published in the Scientific American magazine. The article says: In the U. S. , no binding rules deter a private clinic from offering a menu of traits or from implanting a woman with a collection of embryos. Physicians who may receive more than $10,000 for a procedure serve as the sole arbiters of a series of thorny ethical, safety and social welfare questions (29). With no binding laws or rules to this, some doctors will do the procedures just to get the money. It would definitely bring up questions about the doctors morals and if he/she really cares about their patients. Take, for example, Nadya Suleman, whom was implanted with genetically altered embryos. The doctor implanted her with a collection of six embryos. Two of those embryos split, making her pregnant with eight children. It does make everyone question her, but also the doctor. Did he take into account that she already had six children? Did he consider her financial status? (Designing Rules 29) Another question to ask is; how far do we go in â€Å"designing† our babies? The same article from Scientific American gives a perfect example of a situation that could happen: We could get carried away â€Å"correcting† perfectly healthy babies. Once we start down the slippery slope of eliminating embryos because they are diseased, what is to stop us from picking babies for their physical or psychological traits? What if this does happen? We could create a whole new generation based on what traits are the best for someone, or how knowledgeable everyone should be. In doing this, are we not doing the same thing Hitler tried to do; create the perfect humans? It didn’t get him very far, and won’t get society anywhere today. Some might say that designing a baby would be a great thing. That we could cure diseases and disorders before the baby is even born. But when a baby is â€Å"designed to get â€Å"rid† of disease and disorders, there are embryos that are killed in order to find â€Å"the perfect baby†. It could be considered the same thing as abortion. Our technological advances in the past couple years have greatly enhanced ociety. There are also technologies that will harm society. The â€Å"designer baby† is one of those technologies. It sounds very appealing to be able to create the child that you have always wanted, but we have always said that we were created the way we are for a reason, and we should keep saying that. No one knows the side effects of creating our babies, they could come out monsters f or all we know. If laws were put into effect against the â€Å"designer baby†, then we would be safe from these â€Å"monsters†. How to cite Made to Order Babies, Papers

Critical Thinking and Business Decisions Essay Example For Students

Critical Thinking and Business Decisions Essay Critical Thinking Styles and Forces of Influence Our basic concept of critical thinking is, at root, simple. We could define it as the art of taking charge of your own mind. Its value is also at root simple: if we can take charge of our own minds, we can take charge of our lives; we can improve them, bringing them under our self-command and direction (McCall and Kaplan, 1990). Of course, this requires that we learn self-discipline and the art of self-examination. This involves becoming interested in how our minds work, how we can monitor, fine tune, and modify their operations for the better. It involves getting into the habit of reflectively examining our impulsive and accustomed ways of thinking and acting in every dimension of our lives and business. Many various Forms of Thinking affect the way we rationalize problems and situations. We could approach a problem by utilizing the forms such as in a logical, scientific, persuasive, or creative fashion (University of Phoenix, 2000). The way we approach a problem or situation can be and is very important. In addition, all that we do, we do based on some motivations or reasons that are forces which influence our ways of thinking. However, we rarely examine our motivations to see if they make sense. We rarely scrutinize our reasons critically to see if they are rationally justified. Some of the forces that influence are thinking can be gender, culture, ethnicity, religion, race, economic status, ethics, etc (University of Phoenix, 2000). As consumers, for example, we sometimes buy things impulsively and uncritically, without stopping to determine whether we really need what we are inclined to buy, whether we can afford it, whether its good for our health, or whether the price is competitive. As parents, we often respond to our children impulsively and uncritically, without stopping to determine whether our actions are consistent with how we want to act as parents, whether we are contributing to their self-esteem, whether we are discouraging them from thinking, or from taking responsibility for their own behavior. The two examples above, illustrate how we could have used a scientific form of thinking to come to a conclusion but the force, whatever it may have been, that influenced that way of thinking, was very strong. The same remains true in business as it pertains to our managerial responsibilities. For example, if one always tends to look at a situation from a logical fashion, they might miss a better result that stems from a more creative outlook on the scenario. For instance, at my place of employment, a problem arose that entailed disappearing inventory. Instead of looking for a creative solution, management used an unsound form of logical thinking. They insisted on implementing control measures that became very tedious in nature for all persons involved. Ultimately, a more creative measure was instituted which allowed for individual accountability of persons involved rather than immediate accusations of a department as a whole. Many weeks of low employee morale, resulting in poor productivity could have been avoided by brainstorming creative measures rather then instituting what seemed like a logical and scientific measure. I can only speculate as to what force of influ! ence had an impact on the decision that was made. However, my opinion is that the Directors own business culture in a different industry, could have been to blame. In short, the Directors perception of the problem in the above example was not reality. The disappearing inventory was not the fault of procedural department documentation. In looking for a logical explanation and applying a logical solution, he overlooked a more simple and rational resolution to the true reality that existed. This reality was that individuals were not being held accountable for their actions or mistakes. .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5 , .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5 .postImageUrl , .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5 , .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5:hover , .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5:visited , .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5:active { border:0!important; } .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5:active , .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5 .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc78ddb0f6b2d58f0bda273730c338ef5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Positive And Negative Effects Of Dna Profiling Essay How do we accept each others differences? It is quite possible, and unfortunately quite natural, to live an unexamined life, to live in a more or less automated, uncritical way. It is possible to live, in other words, without really taking charge of the persons, we are becoming, without developing, or acting upon, the skills and insights that we are capable of. However, if we allow ourselves to become unreflective persons, .

Team America Essay Example

Team America Essay Team America satirises almost every convention of an action movie, Americas political views, and the all important American actors who set themselves up as key spokespeople on world events. It does this by exposing the debateable issues and flaws, and ridiculing them. The films main focus is Americas blind view of the rest of the world and the USAs Global responsibility, a quotation taken from neo-conservative statement. In fact, the main aims in the neo-con statement are that America must accept its global responsibility and vital roles in maintaining peace and security in the rest of the world.The quotation from Team Americas logo: World Police refers to the countrys views. The film highlights Americas arrogance and how they think that theyre the world leader and they can resolve anything. However, in the first scene of the terrorists in Paris, Team America arrive in their flashy helicopters with the American flag embedded in everything, and they end up blowing up half of the town and telling everyone that everything is bon. Team America share the same views as the neo-conservatives but the film mocks them. This can be seen when the news reporter is reading the news about Team Americas world policing in Cairo, and the Film Actors Guild, especially Alec Baldwin.Team America has stereotypical representations of practically everything, from a group of terrorists speaking a language which seems to consist of about five words, to a young French boy with an ice lolly singing Frere Jacques. These stereotypes have problems and powers. The powers are that they are easily recognisable, and they can be humorous because essentially, they are just using exaggeration. However, people may take offence to stereotypes. The use of stereotypes could again, show Americas arrogance on how they see the rest of the world. This is also shown in the languages spoken, e.g. the French boy singing Frere Jacques and the terrorists saying Muhammad and jihad all the time.Another ironic fea ture in Team America is the use of puppets. It is ironic because the film has adult themes and topics, yet the producers decide to use puppets which are for children. By using puppets Team America goes against the Hollywood view that everything needs to be as realistic as possible. Also, the puppets could satirise the lack of talent in Hollywood actors.The lyrics from the non-diegetic music are of particular interest. The son Freedom Isnt Free could be similar to the American governments views on freedom, and Garys speech where he says he doesnt want the guilt, could be the views of an average American citizen. Also, the song America, Fuck Yeah! has the word America repeated constantly followed by fuck yeah which again shows Americas greatness and all of Americas ironic brands and views such as Wal-Mart, democrats, and Taco Bell.The puppet fight scene contains ironic non-diegetic music which is an example of incongruity. It has some fsat-paced music which builds tension then becomes very lively and energetic. It is a clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ of action movies and it is funny in Team America because the puppet fight is unrealistic, yet there is serious music in the background.The film has many different tools to make it funny such as parodies and intertextualities. Team America uses clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s from action movies such as Top Gun and Armageddon, however the film satirises them to them funny. An example of this could be the classic establishing shot of the team walking towards the camera in slow motion. It is an iconic shot because it makes the team look like heroes by using a low angle shot and dramatic music, however in Team America it is ironic because the team arent heroes, although they think they are.Team America also mocks the bad-guy which every action film has, with the Korean dictator called Kim-Jong-Il. One of his main scenes is of the mass murderer singing a song about how ronery he is. This is another example of irony. Also, Kim-Jong-Il uses the stere otypical Asian pronunciation of the letter R. This is ironic because the only letter not in the Korean language is R, so instead of saying ronery he should be pronouncing the L correctly but mispronouncing the R, for example loundhouse instead of roundhouse.Team America doesnt just satirise Hollywood movies, it also mocks the actors. In the movie there is a group of actors called F.A.G. who set themselves up as important spokespeople on world events. This is satirised when Janeane Garafolo says As actors, it is our job to read the news and say it as if its our opinion. What this implies is that famous American actors take it upon themselves to tell the world news, as if they have a global responsibility.Team America does not only parody movies, it also parodies a popular musical called Rent. The scene where Gary first appears is of him performing in a play called Lease. The song being performed is called Everyone Has AIDS, which satirises Rent because some of the characters suffer f rom AIDS.To conclude, I think that Team America is a very successful satire because it is so unique and it satirises conventions of action movies and it mocks Hollywood actors who we may look up to, and of course, it mocks America.

Essay Sample on Sports Celebrity Advertising

Essay Sample on Sports Celebrity Advertising Advertisers often spend heavy amount of dollars yearly on celebrity endorsers, with the aim of pressuring consumers insights and purchase objectives.  Ã‚   Celebrities around the world prepare advertisements believable and aid in the recognition of brands, increase message, generate a constructive attitude on the way to the product and construct a separate character for the authorized brand.  Ã‚   Eventually, celebrities backing are supposed to cause a greater chance of customers preferring the endorsed item, and memorandums conveyed by eminent personalities reach a high scale of interest and recall for various customers.  Ã‚   The impact of the proclamations of celebrity endorsement agreements on stock income is encouraging and urged that personality endorsement deals are usually viewed as a meaningful savings in marketing.   Providing this fact, one can securely deviate that personality endorsements are here to live. The escalating use of celebrity supporters, on the other hand, has produced an additional fact, that of using a celebrity in several promotion movements to support various items. The perfect numerous product promoter is Michael Jordan who, has approved products for about 14 corporations.  Ã‚   Jordan was called the wealthiest sportsperson for 1997 by Forbes publication, with mainly of his earnings, $47 million from product exposures.  Ã‚   The number of publicities to the celebrity has an impression on behaviour toward the commercial and purchase objectives, even though the amount of products backed by the star and the amount of disclosures to the celebrity drive separately on customers’ manners. There are, nevertheless, a number of questions concerning product approvals that hang about unanswered and deserve consideration. The aim in this research is to work up the study on several product approvals. This is predominantly imperative, given the prevalence of ads characterizing celebrities, particularly from the world of games; the ruining of the representation of sports celebrities as a result of current public cases relating recognized sports stars for example, Allen Iverson, Mike Tyson, Latrell Sprewell, and the substantial advertising finances that are generally assigned to this venture. I will start by presenting a comprehensive survey on celebrity endorsements and by discovering appropriate theories. I will then focus my assumptions to experimental analysis. Furthermore I will present the effects and examine their inferences for marketing executives and examiners in advertising, as well as try considering possible upcoming research trends. This study observes whether customers understand that celebrity endorsers are fond of the commodities they approve, and presents a form using these and other features of the endorser to foresee thoughts toward the endorsed creation.   Way of feelings towards the advertisement the endorser and the good were also considered. The model specified that product attitudes were forecasted by conjectures about the endorsers liking for the creation and by approaches toward the one who endorse. This research was performed at university and Harrow town centre of UK using a variety of searching techniques incorporating focus crowds and an analysis of males whose ages were between 18 to 24 years. It was intended to address a chain of research queries associated to the connection between 18-24 years young men and icon-person advertisement.

Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania (1767-68) Assignment

Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania (1767-68) - Assignment Example Again, products, like glass and paper, are those items that are highly needed and are essentially only obtainable from their mother country. Yet, without these basic items they cannot be productive and accomplish their needs. In essence making the colonists a slave to whatever cost or tax Britain may levy on the colonies. He speaks of parliament as if they as a whole may a wrong decision, but phrases it in a respectful and diplomatic way. Dickinson spoke out about how important and necessary it was for the people to stand up for their rights and liberties, but did not necessarily make any calls to violence. He believed that the relationship between the colonists and Britain should have been like a parent and child. The power needs the love and support of the parent, but may also fight against that parent as it grows and seeks to â€Å"mature.† However, these disagreements should not be possible to work out and should never result in the kind of war and violence, actions that could cause a permanent rift between the parent and child. Again, as stated above, Dickinson wanted the relationship between Britain and the colonies to be like that between parent and child. He was never really endorsing the kind of â€Å"rebellion† or efforts of protest that may occur in the colonies should be the sort that is handled in a way that would not cause actions that would sever forever the relationship with their mother country. This vision was considered to be his reasonable interpretation and the beginnings of a diplomatic rebellion that could be resolved with little need for violence and

Modern Business in Comparative Perspective Essay - 5

Modern Business in Comparative Perspective - Essay Example The model has been formulated by Porter with due consideration of trade theories. In this regard, Porter has devised the model based on different factors that include resources, cost and infrastructure among others and accordingly, the model developed is important to have an extensive understanding of competition relating to market segment, product differentiation and technological changes. Porter also recommended that the model would explain about the procedures with the assistance of which organizations are able to perform operations effectively and competitively. In this context, Porter while formulating the model conduct an examination in ten countries such as the US, Germany, Denmark, South Korea, Britain, Italy, Sweden, Switzerland, Japan and Singapore. This type of model helps in recognizing the elements of competitive advantage of the countries. Subsequently, diamond model makes a structure, which determines the rules of competition in a sector and marks the important role to be played for attaining the long-term effectiveness (Bakan & Dogan, 2012). In this regard, the essay intends to explain the concept of Porter’s diamond model and national competitive advantage as well as the key issues and problems in relation to competitive advantage of nations. Porter’s diamond model is a type of economic model, which is established by Michael Porter in the book The Competitive Advantage of Nations, where he explains the reason of competitiveness of particular businesses in specific nations. Porter analyzed and formulated the model based on two parts. Initially, the analysis has been conducted on ten important nations that include the US, Germany, Denmark, South Korea, Britain, Italy, Sweden, Switzerland, Japan and Singapore in order to develop a map based on which organizations can conduct operations for their success. Second analysis is the dynamic process through which competitive advantage can be accomplished.

Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Article - Essay Example The article begins its focus on the nature of the universe and the relation between the supernatural and the scientific world in the context of G-d’s existence. Despite the fact that they are affiliated with different religions, the four authors mentioned in the article believe that the existence of G-d is merely a subject of conversation. It shows that they believe G-d does not exist in this world of science. On further note with respect to the article, it was revealed that, some think G-d is a creature like human beings while others think G-d to be fictional. Moreover, few believe that, the existence of G-d would have been abolished if language had not been invented. Furthermore, the article reflects about history, which tends to reveal the atrocities committed by the theists against the atheists. Correspondingly, this article has provided valuable information with regard to the existence of G-d. Based on information from the article, the existence of G-d is viewed as a system of symbols and purpose by many people. Furthermore, this particular article has revealed that the views of the authors remain the same despite the fact that they belong to different religions and systems of faith. The article has also reviewed various motives and objections of people regarding organized religion and the existence of G-d. There prevail various dominant ideologies or the perception about the topic of the debate conducted. The ideologies are the similar belief or thinking of a group of people in the same society. The subject of this paper is quite similar to the meaning of the term ideology. The main focal point of the article is atheism; which is a non belief or rejection in the survival of G-d or deities. In the article two of the authors i.e., Anthony Lowenstein and Jane Caro are atheists and are providing their views with regard

Differences of Creativity in Education Levels

Differences of Creativity in Education Levels People, who have received a formal education and those who did not, are equally creative. Paola Vasquez Yachay Tech University Abstract This project was made to prove that people who have received a formal education, as those who did not, have equally creativity. First by showing what does creativity and imagination means, and how things that are surrounding influence it. Then, proving that creativity is innate and it is for everybody no matter ages or education people have. Therefore showing that it can be developed no matter the education people have had, and how it can be developed with some examples. For last, explaining how poor people without education are as able as educated people to create and innovate using their imagination and creativity. Citing some articles, and videos, where there are some facts that help develop the topic, can prove it. It ends in the conclusion that all people have the equal opportunity to be creative, and it all depends in their desire to being it. Introduction Every child is an artist, the problem is staying an artist when you grow up (Pablo Picasso). One representative characteristic for why artists are known is their capacity of being creative, because without creativity they could never innovate or make new jobs. Children are artists as well, because nobody teaches them how to, but they have a lot of imagination. To begin, everybody should have a perception of what imagination means, and as an author said We could defend our interest in imagination by pointing out the real-life value of role playing in the young child, of vocational decision-making by way of fantasizing in the adolescent, and of working through hostility by imaginary exploits and confrontations in the adult (Lieberman, J. N. 2014 p. 1). So as she said everybody has imagination that is used for different purposes depending on the stage people are through. Now, there should be the relationship between imagination and creativity, so what does creativity means? As the same author said in the book Playfulness: Its relationship to imagination and creativity creativity is to discover new things for us, and to make things that we have never done before, and also our own way to see the world. Imagination and creativity are both developed in all people no matter ages, and they are also the most representative characteristic to be able to innovate, create, and to be original. It has been said always that children are the most creative people, but as a proof we can see that adults or also teens are those who have discovered or created the advances for the world. Therefore we can affirm not only children are benefited of creativity, but also not only people who have had a formal education. People that have been in high school, college or university are not the only who can be creative but those who have never receive that kind of education are too. Like for religion, in this case it does not matter the social classes, the races or any superficial aspect, becau se everybody can achieve what they desire. People, who received a formal education and those who did not, are equally creative, because creativity is innate and it must be cultivated, the necessity of solving problems develops creativity, and no matter the education level, there are different ways to develop creativity. Creativity is innate Innate The article Scientists are more creative than you imagine, (Ossola. A. 2014) states that creativity is innate. Therefore, it proves that creativity comes in everybodys mind; because based on Cambridge Dictionary; innate means, an ability that people were born with, and not something they have learned. Learning is something people can do everywhere, not exactly a school, or with an education system. There are a lot of people that learns all they know in streets or like it is said the school of life. Anyway creativity is not something learned, so people do not need to have a formal education, or to have learned something about life. It also does not depend on the social groups, cultures, religion, or any kind of those characteristics; any of them are irrelevant to creativity, because people are already born with the ability or capacity to be creative. Imagination and creativity. So what does it mean to be creative? If it is about an international meaning, again Cambridge Dictionary defines it as the ability to produce original and unusual ideas, or to make something new or imaginative. That last point brings us to the other topic: imagination, a word that brings to our minds the face of a child. As creativity, everybody has it. Imagination and creativity are crucial to make and create new advances and technologies, and they are adults the people who innovate, so it cannot be stated that children are the most creative beings, because adults are too. It is also said that children have more imagination or creativity than adults and it is because they have lived less, because if creativity is innate they were born with it, so nothing has changed their minds yet. Instead adults have passed through many situations and maybe problems where creativity did not result as the best solution, so people begin to use other tools instead of their imagination. As everything in our society, if people do not use it, they lose it. As people grow up, they use less their imagination every time, so they begin to lose it: but when they really need it to create or innovate, it results difficult to them find their creativity. As a toy from their childhood, adults have to start looking in every corner of their minds until they find it, because it is still in their heads. Therefore, it all depends on the use people give to their imagination. Children enjoy imagining, but some adults prefer facts or information verified, and that need to have proves. However, children, adults, or everybody has creativity in their minds, because it is innate. Creativity has to be cultivated. Everything influences in creativity. The article of Alessandra Ossola stated that creativity is innate, but the second part of her statement is that it needs to be cultivated (para.10). And what does cultivating creativity mean? Cultivate means to grow up something, and in this case it refers to creativity, so to cultivate creativity means to improve and develop creativity. Because nothing worth to have creativity, and do not use or do no try to improve it. Since people are born, everything they hear, feel, or see, influences in their lives, as it does in creativity. Every single moment is important for creativity, because it captures every stimulus that happens around us. It captures it and it uses the information. It is like the immunological system, everything it happens to us, the system learns from it, so the next time it is difficult to a virus to hurt the body because the system already knows how to attack the it. Creativity also learns how to act in similar situations that have happened before. Therefore every problem people have, happiness, feeling, stress, anxiety, fear, or concern; it all influences in creativity. Also people that surround us influence, for example family, friends, neighbors, and of course teachers, because teachers pass a lot of time with children, while they are experiencing new things, and beginning to live. That means education does influences in creativity, not just for children, but also for everybody, because adults have also passed through school. It does not mean people who have not had a formal education do not have creativity, because the lack of education is also an influence, and education does not always influence in a good way. Nowadays many schools in Latin America and in the U.S. and around the world continue to use antiquated models for education that do not serve 21st century students (Segal. S. 2016). If people do not innovate or try new things, creativity does not flow, so if children receive an antiquated education they will not be able to develop their creativity. Education is a good way to teach children mathematics, languages, and many other subjects, but it is not always the best influence in creativity. Education kills creativity. Finland is a country in Europe, which is well known for its education system. The video The Finland Phenomenon tells about its famous education system; how is seemed as the best in the world, even better than The United States, and how children are. Finland is in the top of the list of countries that have been tested by PISA exams, which are the most difficult in the world. Children in Finland have more vacation, less homework, and schools have the best technology. Students are not forced to stay quite and sit, also they do not need someone to tell them to study, because they enjoy doing it, and they know they have to (Compton. R. 2011). The film also shows how some students have created mini businesses, how in their free time they practice playing an instrument, and that kind of facts are those that make a difference or an influence in their creativity, because they enjoy learning and studying, so it actually is a good influence to children and students to be creative. Education in Finland relies very little on testing (Compton. R. 2011), which proves that it lets imagination develops, because based on an article schools place greater emphasis on learning material and taking tests; so opportunities for thoughts to flow freely are fewer now than in the past (Ossola. A. 2014). Finland education system does not emphasis on students memorizing everything, instead they want them to think for themselves and have their own thoughts. It has a great influence in creativity, but it does not mean education will definitely make students be creative. Finland has an amazing education system, but all around the world other education systems just kill creativity. It is stated in the article Do Schools Kill Creativity? that people focus on teaching children mathematics because they are known as the most difficult subjects, and they do not care too much about subjects like art which are the ones that helps to develop creativity. Teachers care just about brains and memorization. It is like they just care about their heads (Robinson. K. para. 2). It proves that people that receive a formal education are not more creative than those who did not, because even education can be the one influence that destroys their imagination to make people like machines, to do not think out of what they have learned. Everyone can develop creativity. For now, we assume that creativity is an ability, is innate, is like being imaginative, and it has to be cultivated. As it was mentioned, cultivating creativity is improving it, and making it grow; but how can people cultivate creativity? An experiment described in Scientists are more creative than you imagine states that when rap artists improvise for songs, their mind do not cares about errors, because their ideas just flow (Ossola. A. 2014), and letting their ideas flow; make them develop more imagination every time. Also it tells about the ability to imagine; it can be done when people center their attention in doing things that do not need a lot of effort: as examples are brushing the teeth, the hair, or cooking, also some actions that make people relax like taking a shower or a bath, going to walk, meditating, exercising, reading, or just staying at bed. The purpose is to stop thinking consciously and let the ideas, imagination and creativity flow (para. 16). For doing these th ings is not necessary to have a formal education, it is just needed the desire to be creative; as it is said by an author Think left and think right and think low and think high. Oh, the thinks you can think up if only you try (Dr. Seuss). Summing up, there are no exceptions to people to be creative or to cultivate creativity; everybody can do it if they want. Creativity for solving problems. As creativity can be developed in different ways, a way to do it for people who do not receive a formal education is the influence of solving their daily live problems, so they have also a high level of creativity as educated people do. The lack of money People, who pass through several times, may have not been benefited by the opportunity of studying. Poverty has provoked many children and teenagers to work earlier than when they should, because they need to help their families to get money to pay for their home, to buy food and first necessity things. Even if in some countries it is banned to children to work, there are some children still working around the cities because of the necessity to have what to eat. There are also many adults that obligate their kids to work instead of them. Most children work buying and selling things. Children working earlier than normal, do not let them have a formal education, as they should, because working does not leave them the time they need to study. Furthermore, there are children that do not go to school because their families do not have enough money to give them that education. Many children and teens are left with no education so they have to continue working and learning about it. Working or having to help in some things in their houses is also another big influence in childrens lives, so it is also for their creativity. Necessities or problems to people. Poor people because of their lack of money do not just have the problem of not being able to have a formal education. They have to handle with the pressure of not having what to eat, where to live, what to wear, and specially the fact to afford their families. Those problems are which most influences in people imagination, sometimes in bad or good ways. Most part of them influences to people to try to solve them and use and develop their creativity. The article A Young Tinkerer Builds a Windmill, Electrifying a Nation tells about the story of a man of 20 years who because of the lack of energy for his electrical appliances at his house, begun to think what he could do to solve the problem. He decided to build a windmill after he saw a picture of one in a textbook. He began to design it ant then he finally built it whit bubble gum trees and parts of bicycles. He has the dream of building many other windmills around the country, and there is a group of investors that trust him and send him to school (Childress. S. 2007). The idea and the creativity came before he went to school, because there is no necessity of having a formal education to be creative or to innovate, be imaginative and create something that can change maybe not the world but someones life; because you have to be burning with an idea, or a problem, or a wrong that you want to right. If youre not passionate enough from the start, youll never stick it out (Jobs. S). Conclusion Creativity is important in everybody, because it is what helps people to innovate, create and discover new things. As all that happens around us influences creativity, it is said that schools kill creativity, and also that it improves it. The fact is that creativity cannot be taught or leaned just in one place; it depends in every single moment that we live. Education does not define peoples creativity. It is a gift given to everyone, and people is who decide if they take advantage of it or if the do not. People who have received a formal education have creativity. Those who did not received education have creativity as well. All people are creative. The level of creativity developed by each person depends in how they cultivate or improve it, by ways that everybody can do. The irrelevance of social classes, money, religions, cultures and ages to creativity, proves that everybody have creativity, because it is innate, it can be cultivated by any person, and many other facts than educa tion are which influence in creativity.

Electromagnetic Induction :: science

Electromagnetic Induction The phenomenon called electromagnetic induction was first noticed and investigated by Michael Faraday, in 1831. Electromagnetic induction is the production of an electromotive force (emf) in a conductor as a result of a changing magnetic field about the conductor and is a very important concept. Faraday discovered that, whenever the magnetic field about an electromagnet was made to grow and collapse by closing and opening the electric circuit of which it was a part, an electric current could be detected in a separate conductor nearby. Faraday also investigated the possibility that a current could be produced by a magnetic field being placed near a coiled wire. Just placing the magnet near the wire could not produce a current. Faraday discovered that a current could be produced in this situation only if the magnet had some velocity. The magnet could be moved in either a positive or negative direction but had to be in motion to produce any current in the wire. The current in the coil i s called an induced current, because the current is brought about (or â€Å"induced†) by a changing magnetic field (Cutnell and Johnson 705). The induced current is sustained by an emf. Since a source of emf is always needed to produce a current, the coil itself behaves as if it were a source of emf. The emf is known as an induced emf. Thus, a changing magnetic field induces an emf in the coil, and the emf leads to an induced current (705). He also found that moving a conductor near a stationary permanent magnet caused a current to flow in the wire as long as it was moving as in the magnet and coiled wire set-up. Faraday visualized a magnetic field as composed of many lines of induction, along which a small magnetic compass would point. The aggregate of the lines intersecting a given area is called the magnetic flux. Faraday attributed the electrical effects to a changing magnetic flux. The necessity of motion to produce a current is due to the fact that electromagnetic induction involves a time-varying magnetic field. The same effects can be produced by moving the coil toward and away from a motionless magnetic source. In either case, the key to producing the current is certainly the motion of the magnet or the wire. The magnetic lines of the magnetic field must pass through a loop of the coiled wire.

In Focus: On Kurds and Their Struggles for Independence

Kurds are a non-Arabic ethnic group adhering to the teachings of Sunni Muslim faith. This group is said to be compassionate, romantic and fatalistic as it is evidently shown with their literature. Kurds are politically and ideologically diverse (Yildiz and Blass, 2004). They fought several struggles to claim their independence, but still, their struggles seem unending. At present, they are still establishing their own independent states in Syria, Iran, and Iraq. Brief History About the Kurds McKiernan (2006) stated that Kurds are Indo-European people residing in the mountains and highlands of Kurdistan ( area where Turkey, Iran and Iraq meet). They do have their own native language that is much like of the Persian language. Also, Kurds adhere to the belief of Sunni Muslim faith, but there are some who embrace other religions such as Jews, Yazidis, Christianity and other sects. Their way of living is nomadic. Herding sheep and goat is their main source of living. Until the middle of 19th century, Kurds were never at peace due to the disagreement of the Ottoman and Persian Empire about border areas. The result: Kurds are mistrusted by both empires. The group was pressured to give up their old ways, to conform to the majority. They are forced to learn the language of the nation. Upon learning such language, they were to give up Kurdish identity and to accept the nationalism of the borders where they are residing. The group was divided; but most of them tried to resist the changes particularly those concerning their identity (Saleem, 2006). Kurds and Their Struggles As early as 19th century, Kurdistand, a territory for the Kurds had been promised but it was never kept until this day. Throughout the years, as new state systems have been imposed targeting centralization, homogenization, and control, the Kurds hav been made homeless. In addition, new state systems have their own political ideologies where the demands of the minorities are last among its priorities (McDowall, 2004). After the conflicts and struggles, there was peace among the Kurds that lasted for twenty years. But during the peaceful period, Kurds were maltreated; specifically they did not have rights that ensured their safety and protection. Due to such treatment, Kurds opted to continue their struggle for independence and nationhood (Mckiernan, 2006). Yildiz and Blass (2004) reported that Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria are the concerns since Kurds area presently residing in those countries. The government of the mentioned countries have implemented several strategies on whether to accept or deny the political, social, and security demands of the Kurds. And often, the strategies deny the legitimacy of the Kurds in the country concerned.   The demands and rights are taken away from the group, peaceful talks regarding the concepts of Kurdistan were never given. In Turkey, there are bout 10 million Kurds forbidden to speak their native language, instead they are forced to learn and speak the Turkish language; if caught speaking the Kurdish language, they will be imprisoned. Also, they must not call themselves as â€Å"Kurds†, instead they must label themselves as â€Å"Mountain Terks†. The Kurds in Turkey cannot withstand the discrimination, they rebelled against the Turkish government but instead of winning their plea; the government suppressed the rebellion by deporting thousands of Turks from the country (Gunter, 1997). It was in 1920 when the Iranians ruled over the Kurds. The Iranian domination over the Kurds stopped in 1946, when the Kurds of Mahabad were successful in claiming their independent republic. The Kurds were able to win their rights, registering their tribal lands as their own possession. They were also given a seat in the ruling elite, ensuring that their demands and rights are protected as well. After the Shia revolution, their demands and rights were once more deprived of them (McDowall, 2004). It was in Iraq, where there are several revolts held by the Kurds to uphold their rights and privileges as a nation, as an inhabitant of Iraq. The revolt started in 1964 which was led by Mullah Mustafa Barzani, the famous leader of the Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iraq (KDP). In 1975, the rights and privileges fought for had been heard later on to find out that their leader had abandoned the Kurds in exchange for self-interest. Brutal attacks had been done to Kurdish civilians (Yildiz and Blass, 2004). The demands of the Kurds are seen as challenges for the country’s ruling body. The group is regarded as a hindrance for government systems to be implemented smoothly. Often, Kurdish political demands such as shared power and resources among different political groups, multi-ethnic and multi-religious, are viewed as threats for the country’s security and sovereignty.   Despite the long years of struggles that are continuing up to the present, Kurds remain to be political inhabitants of the country (Mckiernan, 2006). The Kurdish people up to present are still continuing their battle against oppression and colonization among Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. They are continuously fighting to uphold their identity, rights and to rule over their own individuality. Despite the efforts given, the conflicts among Kurds must first be resolved. The tribal social structure of each group residing in Kurdistan areas, their beliefs and particularly the political ideologies they are adhering to. The differences among them must first be resolved in order to achieve good outputs.   And for the past years of struggle, many Kurds have given up their lives to achieve the political ideologies that they have been fighting for. Kurds experienced devastating tragedies killing fellow Kurds believing in their rights a group, as an individual, and as an ethnic Kurd member (Saleem, 2006). Conclusion Despite the years that have passed, the struggles seem endless for the Kurds. There are several reasons contributing to the failure of their long struggle. Internal disputes among them seem trivial but have effectively impeded their way to success. The countries still hold to their tactics in eventually eliminating their rights and privileges, while Kurds adhere to their political beliefs and upholding their rights. Unless a quorum is reached, this issue is unlikely to be resolved . Compromise among the countries and the Kurds must be made possible. Peaceful dialogue among the groups should be initiated as early as now. Once more, we should not allow devastating killings to occur and peace initiatives at the national and international levels must be strengthened in order to have a conducive atmosphere for peaceful dialogue. As for the Kurds, who suffered pain throughout their years of battle, they must conform to these peace initiatives being set. The peaceful coexistence of both peoples is achievable. For this proposal to occur, there must be bilateral ceasefire and negotiations among the involved parties. The future of the group is within their hands. The internal conflicts among them must first be resolved in order to achieve unity. The differences and the question of supremacy must be set aside in order to negotiate the rights and privileges that they are all fighting for. The governments will see that the rights and privileges are not demands that would impede the country’s system. Respect is the key for the successful deployment of peace negotiations. One must learn to respect one’s individuality. The political beliefs that both parties have, are working well for their respective inhabitants, and the process should be allowed to maintain this status quo. Kurds may preserve their individuality and be able to utilize the culture handed on to them in such a set-up.   Language and education would be their most powerful tools that will allow them to churn out meaningful literary output (written in their native tongue), showcasing to the world their cultural heritage and its uniqueness. References Gunter, M. (1997).   The Kurds and the Future of the Turkey. St. Martin’s Press, NY. USA 56-70. McDowall, D. (2004). A Modern History of the Kurds. 3rd edn. St. Martin’s Press, NY.USA. 423-456. McKiernan, K. (2006). The Kurds: A People in Search of their Homeland.   St. Martin’s Press, NY.USA. Saleem, H. (2006).   My Father’s Rifle: A Childhood in Kurdistan. Picador. 47-87. Yildiz, K. and Blass, T. (2004). The Kurds in Iraq: The Past, Present, and Future. Pluto Press.

PreACT Practice Tests Where to Find Them and How to Prep

PreACT Practice Tests Where to Find Them and How to Prep SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Getting ready to take the PreACT? Then you might be wondering whether you should prep for it- and what resources you can use. Is there a PreACT practice test you can take? What kinds of PreACT resources does ACT, Inc. offer? Keep reading to learn why it’s a good idea to lightly prep for the PreACT, and get a comprehensive list of the best PreACT practice tests and materials you can use in your studying. Why You Should Prep for the PreACT The PreACT was created to act as an ACT practice test for 10th graders. Because your PreACT score does not count toward any grades and is not reported to colleges, you’re generally not expected to prep too hard (if at all) for the exam. That said, it can be a good idea to do some light prep, especially if your ultimate goal is to achieve a high score on the ACT. The PreACT is very similar to the ACT in content and form, so preparing for it essentially gives you a head start on ACT prep. As a result, you might not need to study as hard for the ACT when you take it the following year as an 11th grader. Most importantly, however, prepping for the PreACT is simply a great way to familiarize yourself with the ACT. Since you'll take the PreACT as a 10th grader, you'll learn early on what to expect on the ACT and can thus reduce the pressure you'll likely feel when taking the ACT for the first time. Now that you know why it’s a smart idea to prep a little for the PreACT, what are the best resources you can use in your studying? Let's start with the best of the best: official ACT, Inc. materials. Official PreACT Practice Tests Unfortunately, there are no official PreACT practice tests. In fact, the ACT, Inc. website doesn’t offer any PreACT prep material whatsoever (such as practice questions or content guides). Instead, all it has are some general PreACT-related PDFs and PowerPoints detailing things like the format of the test and why sophomores should take it. The likely reason for this lack of PreACT practice materials is that ACT, Inc. doesn’t want students to feel the need to prep extensively for the PreACT. (Remember, the PreACT is simply a practice test for the ACT, so your score won't count for anything!) Another probable reason is that, because ACT, Inc. already provides test takers with so many materials for the ACT, there’d be no point in making separate PreACT resources. In terms of free ACT materials, ACT, Inc. offers a wide variety of questions and tests- which you can also use for your PreACT prep. But before you use any of these to study for the PreACT, make sure you’re aware of the three main differences between the PreACT and ACT. These are as follows: The PreACT is shorter than the ACT: While the ACT is about three to three and a half hours long (depending on whether you take the optional Writing section), the PreACT is a mere two hours and 10 minutes long. The PreACT is easier than the ACT: Because the PreACT targets 10th graders and the ACT targets 11th and 12th graders, the PreACT uses a slightly easier difficulty than the ACT does. Consequently,the maximum score on the PreACT is 35, compared with 36 on the ACT. The PreACT does not have an essay section:Unlike the ACT, which offers an optional essay section,the PreACT does not contain any such section. Now let’s take a look at the official ACT resources you can use for your PreACT prep, as well as how to use them effectively. Rule #1 for using these resources effectively: don't accidentally feed them to your shredder. Free Official ACT Practice Tests At present, there are six official, full-length ACT practice tests available for free online. Since the ACT hasn’t changed much over the years, all of these tests should be helpful for your studying: ACT Practice Test 2018-19 (Form 74FPRE) ACT Practice Test 2015-16 (Form 72CPRE) ACT Practice Test 2014-15 (Form 67C) ACT Practice Test 2011-12 (Form 64E) ACT Practice Test 2008-09 (Form 61C) ACT Practice Test 2005-06 (Form 59F) The reason a few years are missing from these tests is that ACT, Inc. uses the same practice test for a few years before it releases a new one. For example, the 2015-16 practice test is the exact same as the 2016-17 and 2017-18 practice tests. In order to use these practice tests effectively, take themas if you were taking the real ACT. This means you'll need to take each test in a quiet place without any distractions. Also, it's important to take the entire test in one sitting.This way, you'll get a more accurate reflection of your scoring ability and can begin building up your stamina for both PreACT and ACT test day. Finally, be sure to time yourself in accordance with official ACT time limits.Because the ACT is longer than the PreACT is and contains slightly harder questions, these practice tests will be a little more challenging than the actual PreACT will be. But this isn't a bad thing- in fact, it means you'll be extra prepared for the PreACT! Free Official ACT Practice Questions If you’re looking for individual practice questions instead of practice tests, ACT, Inc. also offers a ton of sample ACT questions on its website. You’ll get the following number of questions for each ACT section: 75 ACT English questions 60 ACT Math questions 48 ACT Reading questions 40 ACT Science questions Altogether, these sample questions form a complete ACT practice test (plus eight extra Reading questions). This is equal to aboutone and a half PreACT tests. What’s nice about this resource is that you can easily skip around to focus on certain sections should you want to target specific skills for the PreACT. Although you can also use these sample questions as a full-length practice test, note that they aren’t available on paper- just online- which will make your practice less realistic. Furthermore, be aware that ACT, Inc. sets up these questions in a slightly bizarre format in which you are shown the correct answers after you answer only a handful of questions. This setup makes it difficult to take the whole test in one sitting (and nearly impossible to use official ACT time limits). Paid Official ACT Practice Tests Aside from the free materials above, ACT, Inc. offers some paid ACT practice tests for those who'd like to squeeze in more official ACT/PreACT practice: The Official ACT Prep Guide 2019-2020:This is the most recent version of the ACT's official prep book. It includes five complete practice tests, as well as 400 additional online questions (some of which are reused from the free resources above).While you won’t get much content help with this guide, it’s an excellent resource for additional practice tests. It costs about $23 on Amazon. ACT Online Prep Program: This official online program offers onecompletely unique, full-length ACT practice test.The actual prep part of the program isn’t that helpful, so it’s best to use this just for the practice test. The program costs $39.95. These next resources are as free as this escaped chicken feels. Free Unofficial PreACT Practice Tests Similar to how there are no official PreACT practice tests, there are no unofficial PreACT practice tests available for free online.Because the PreACT is a practice ACT and is so similar to the ACT, most test-prep companies and websites see no point in creating separate PreACT practice tests. So what can you use instead? Luckily, there are tons of free unofficial ACT practice tests you can use for PreACT prep. As is the case with all prep materials, some of these practice tests are good quality, and some aren’t so great. Therefore, it's best toprioritize official ACT materials. In addition, remember that since these are ACT practice tests- not PreACT tests- you can expect there to be more questions that are a little harder than what you’ll see on the PreACT. Below are our picks for the best unofficial ACT practice tests you can use in your PreACT prep, as well as tips for using each resource effectively. Ivy Global Ivy Global’s ACT practice test is by far one of the most realistic unofficial ACT tests available for free online. Visually, it looks almost identical to an official ACT practice test. Unlike other unofficial tests, which are typically only available online, this resource is a downloadable PDF, meaning that you can take it on paper- just as you will for the actual PreACT and ACT. Pros Most questions are very similar to those you’ll see on the ACTin terms of both quality and difficulty. The test is completely free to download and use- you don’t need to make an account or provide any personal information in order to access it. Because the test is a PDF, you can print it out and take it on paper- the same way you’ll take the PreACT (and eventually ACT). This ensures you’ll have realistic test-taking practice. Cons There are no answer explanations for the test; instead, all you get isan answer key (which is included with the test). This lack of guidance makes it difficult to determine exactlywhy you got certain questions wrong. How to Use This Resource Effectively Because this resource is one of the best unofficial ACT practice tests out there, I recommend taking it in its entirety as you would with an official practice test. Again, you'll want torecreate a realistic test-taking setting bytaking it ina quiet room and following all official ACT time limits. Finally, remember that this test still isn't as good as an official practice test, so only take it once you’ve exhausted all official ACT resources. Kaplan Kaplan- a pretty big name in the test-prep world- offers one free full-length ACT practice test when you sign up for an account on their website. This test is only offered on certain dates and at specific times, so check that the time you choose works with your schedule before registering. Pros Kaplan is known for having somewhat easier ACT practice questions and generally targets those who are new to the test. While this would be a con for those prepping for the ACT, it’sa huge plus for those prepping for the PreACT. Because the PreACT is supposed to be a little easier than the ACT is, this lower difficulty level actually works in your favor! Along with the test itself, you’ll get a breakdown of your results and an overview of which skills and areas you could improve. This is useful for figuring out what you should focus on in your PreACT prep. Cons You have to sign up for an account, which is a little annoying, especially if you don’t plan to utilize Kaplan’s other services. The free test is only offered at certain times and on certain days, meaning there’s very little flexibility in when you can take the practice test. The practice test is offered online, so the test-taking experience won’t be that realistic (both the PreACT and ACT are given on paper, not via a computer). How to Use This Resource Effectively If you’ve already taken all official ACT practice tests and the Ivy Global one but still want additional PreACT practice, this is a helpful test to take, particularlyif you'd like to know the specific areas you should zero in on in your prep. Additionally, make sure you’ve looked at your schedule ahead of time so that nothing will interfere with the time of the free test you sign up for. If possible, try to sign up for a morning ACT practice test,since that’s the time you’ll most likely be taking the PreACT at school. I know you hate getting up early, but I promise it'll help you feel more prepared for the PreACT! The Princeton Review Like Kaplan, The Princeton Review- another popular test-prep company- offers a free online ACT practice testwhen you sign up for an account on their website. Pros The Princeton Review is known for making conceptually easier ACT questions- but this will work in your favor since the PreACT is slightly easier than the ACT is. The free practice test can be taken at any time, so it’s pretty convenient. Once you finish taking the test, you’ll get a score report that goes over your strengths and weaknesses. This information is particularly helpful if you hope to eventually score highly on the ACT as well. Cons You have tosign up for an account in order to access the free test. Doing so automatically signs you up to receive emails from The Princeton Review; however, you can disable this at any time. Because the test is an online test, you won’t get that realistic test-taking experience you’d get with a paper test. How to Use This Resource Effectively Like the Kaplan test above, I suggest taking this test only after you’ve exhausted all official ACT resources and the (unofficial) Ivy Global PDF. Since you can take this test anytime, make sure to carve out at least four hours for it (i.e., the approximate length of the ACT). Also, try to take it in the morning, as most schools administer the PreACT during the first half of the school day. Finally, don't forget to use the timed feature when you take the test; this will help you get used to the pressure of testing under time limits (recall, though, that the PreACT is shorter than the ACT). Bonus:PrepScholar’s List of the Best ACT Practice Tests For even more ACT practice tests you can use in your PreACT prep, check out our extensive guide to the best ACT practice tests.In this guide, we introduce a combination of official and unofficial resources for ACT practice tests, some of which are free and some of which aren't. We also offer a summary of each resource to give you an idea of how helpful it’ll be for your ACT (or PreACT) prep. This article shares some overlap with the resources above, so be sure to look for those you haven’t yet tried. Remember that those resources containing easier ACT questions will be more useful (and more relevant) for your PreACT prep. At the same time, it's OK to avoid any resources that mostly target high scorers on the ACT, since their questions will be much more difficult than those on the PreACT (and possibly even the ACT!). Paid Unofficial PreACT Practice Test Although there are no free unofficial PreACT resources available, there is one paid PreACT practice test resource you can use:a prep book by Mometrix called PreACT Secrets Study Guide: PreACT Test Review for the PreACT Exam. Unlike the resources above, this is an entire book that includes a ton of PreACT practice questions, in addition to a full-length PreACT practice test (finally, not an ACT practice test!). Pros Unlike the other unofficial resources above, which are all geared specifically toward the ACT, this book targets the PreACT itself. Therefore, all the guidance and questions it offers are more similar to what you’ll see on the PreACT (versus the slightly harder ACT). It’s the only resource that contains a full-length PreACT practice test (instead of an ACT practice test).So if you're looking for something similar to the actual PreACT you’ll be taking, this resource is an ideal one to use. Unlike with ACT practice tests, you don’t have to take into account any format differences such as time limits and the number of questions. Cons The overall content review is really not that great. Most of the test-taking tips and section overviews aren’t detailed enough to be useful. This is especially concerning when we consider the fact that those taking the PreACT are completely new to this type of standardized test. The book’s got a lot of inaccuracies. For example, it mentions test centers in its tips section, even though only schools (not test centers!) offer the PreACT. Similarly, it talks about an essay section on the PreACT- but there isn’t one! It’s a pretty expensive book, currently selling for around $37 on Amazon. Since you can get loads of free ACT practice materials that are a lot more accurate (even though they're for the ACT and not the PreACT specifically), this price ultimately doesn’t seem worth it. How to Use This Resource Effectively Even though this is one of the only (if not the only) PreACT practice test resource out there, I don’t recommend buying it. With its multitude of basic inaccuracies and lack of helpful content review, I honestly don’t think it’s worth the $37 price tag. That said, if you’re really, really interested in buying it and want PreACT materials (instead of all ACT materials), go ahead and buy it. Just be aware that you’re only using it for the full-length PreACT practice test it offers, as the content review and tips aren’t that helpful (or even relevant). Taking the PreACT: 4 Essential Tips for Test Day As you know, the PreACT is a practice test for the ACT that's meant to help sophomores get a feel for the form and content of the ACT. Even though your PreACT score doesn't count for anything, it can be helpful to know a few key test-taking skills for test day. This way you won't simply do well on the PreACT but can also get more comfortable with the types of strategies you’ll eventually need for the ACT (or SAT). Below, we go over our top four test-taking tips for the PreACT (you can alsocheck out our ACT version for even more tips). #1: Pace Yourself One very important tip to remember is to pace yourself. Doing this ensures you won’t spend too much time on a single question or move too quickly and end up making careless mistakes. The PreACT contains a total of four sections: English, Math, Reading, and Science. Each section has a different number of questions in it as well as a different time limit. Here is an overview of approximately how long you’ll have per question on each PreACT section: PreACT Section Total Time # of Questions Time per Question 1. English 30 minutes 45 40 seconds 2. Math 40 minutes 36 67 seconds 3. Reading 30 minutes 25 (with 3 passages) 72 seconds 4. Science 30 minutes 30 60 seconds Source: 2017-18 PreACT Administration Manual As you can see, the amount of time you’ll have per question on each section varies. You’ll get the most time per question on the Reading section (72 seconds) and the least amount of time per question on the English section (40 seconds). By being aware of these timing differences, you can effectively avoid wasting time on one question at the beginning of a section and instead use that time to focus on other easier questions. In other words, skipping around on each section to do the easier questions first is perfectly OK- and even recommended! #2: Answer Every Question Like the ACT, there is no point penalty on the PreACT.Your score for each section, as well as your composite score, are all calculated based only on the questions you got right. Here's how PreACT scoring works: for every section, you earn one raw point for each right answer. These points are then converted into a scale score on the final 1-35 score scale. So what does this mean for your test-taking strategy? Because you won’t lose any points for wrong answers, try toanswer every single question on the test. Even if you’re running out of time on a section or have no clue what the correct answer to a question is, go ahead and guess! Most PreACT questions have four answer choices (Math questions have five), so you’ll always have a 20-25% of getting a question right, even if you just randomly select an answer. Who knows, you might get lucky and get every question you guessed right! Unless you're me. #3: Skim the Passages on Reading The PreACT Reading section contains three passages and 25 questions, and has a time limit of 30 minutes. This gives you about 72 seconds to answer each Reading question. But this time per question doesn’t take into account the time you’ll need to read each passage. While most students think they’re required to read the passage in its entirety, this can actually eat up a lot of your time (on both the PreACT and ACT). Instead, it’s far better to skim each passage. This not only saves you time overall but also allows you to spend more time tackling the most challenging questions. As we discuss in our guide to choosing an effective reading strategy for the ACT, here’s how you should approach passages on the PreACT: Read the small blurb at the beginning of the article to get a sense of what the passage will be about Choose one of two possible passage-reading strategies: Option A: Read the questions first and then skim the passage Option B: Skim the passage first and then read the questions Option A is a highly effective method that lets you look for the answers to the questions while you skim the passage. In other words, since you're already familiar with the questions and what they’re asking, you can quickly skim the passage to find those answers. Option B can be very effective, too, particularly if you find it difficult to read the questions before you know anything about the passage they're referring to. Ultimately, it doesn't matter which passage-reading strategy you decide to use- as long as it's one that works well for you and will help you get the PreACT/ACT score you want. I recommend trying out both strategies with official practice ACT Reading tests to see which one suits you better. Whichever method gives you a higher Reading score should be the one you use for the PreACT (and ACT). #4: Plug In Answers and Numbers on Math If you’re stuck on a PreACT Math question because you can’t remember a certain formula or don’t know how to approach it, don’t give up- instead, try plugging in answers and numbers to see if you can find the correct answer that way. But what exactly are these two strategies? Here’s a basic overview: Plug in answers:With this strategy, you'll plug each answer choice into the problem (usually an equation or inequality) to see which one yields the correct result. All Math answer choices are arranged in the order of smallest value to highest value, so you can save time by always starting with the middle answer choice (C or H).This tells you whether you need to work your way up or down to get a smaller or bigger value. Plug in numbers: Use this strategy when you get a question dealing withmultiple variables (i.e., unknown numbers typically represented by letters or symbols). To use it, simply replace all unknown variables with real numbers. This makes the problem easier to solve by letting you work with actual numbers instead of unknown values. For more tips on how to use these two strategies, as well as examples of practice questions, take a look at our guides to plugging in answers and plugging in numbers. Recap: The Best PreACT Practice Test Resources As we've shown you,there simply aren’t that many test-prep materials created solely for the PreACT.That said, you can still prep effectively for the test by taking advantage of an array of ACT practice tests and questions. As with any test prep, it’s best to start with official practice materials (in this case, those created by ACT, Inc.). This ensures you’ll have realistic and highly effective PreACT practice. For additional PreACT practice, feel free to use any of theunofficial ACT practice tests listed above. However, note that because these resources are unofficial, their quality won’t be nearly as high as that of official ACT materials. If you've combed through all the ACT resources listed above and are still dying for something that specifically targets the PreACT, your only option is PreACT Secrets Study Guide. However, with a high price tag of around $50 and tons of inaccuracies, this prep book really isn't worth buying. Even if you've studied hard, you'll still need to know some key test-taking strategies so you can get a high PreACT (and eventually ACT) score. Here are the four tips to keep in mind on test day: Pace yourself, and don't forget that the number of seconds you'll have per question varies with each section of the test Answer every question, even if you have to guess on some For Reading, skim the passages- don't attempt to carefully read each one as this will eat up your time For Math, plug in answers and numbersif there are too many variables or you aren't sure how to solve a problem With that, I wish you the best of luck on the PreACT! What’s Next? Want to learn more about the PreACT? Check out our comprehensive guide to the PreACT test, and learn when you can take the exam (coming soon). Looking for more ACT study materials you can use in your PreACT prep?Take a look at our top picks for ACT prep books, ACT prep websites, and ACT apps, and get advice on how to use them. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

The Role of ICT essays

The Role of ICT essays ICT is changing people lives everywhere. This goes from the home to the office. No matter who the person is they will have come into contact with ICT and it will have helped them in some way. 3 areas where ICT has changed are: It is these I will be discussing. The first is individuals. ICT has a big impact on people in their everyday lives and is affecting people in different ways. Technology is all around us but most people do not realise. It is taken for granted because of how common it is. The way it is changing people lives is though things such as the internet and mobile phones. Most people now have access to the internet whether it is at home or in the local Library. It is allowing people to find whatever information they want whenever they need it. We can also talk to people all over the world for free through instant messenger programs and Email. Mobile phones are allowing us to communicate at anytime anywhere we are. This means that people no longer have to either look for a phone box or have to wait until they get home to talk to someone. We can now phone people wherever we are even if on the other side of the country. We can just pick up a mobile phone and talk. This is making life better for people because before this technology people couldnt keep in touch easily and it could cost quite a lot of money to do so. Now we can communicate where ever we are. The bad points about this technology are the fact that people who do not have access are left out. Also this technology can be expensive and for some people it can be quite hard to learn how to use and so they are left behind and some people like the old ways. Another disadvantage is people hacking and theft. Because of mobile phone there are more people being mugged in the street for their phone. Also with hacking peoples personal details and things such as credit card numbers can be found out althoug ...

Weddings in The Middle East, Europe and America Research Paper

Weddings in The Middle East, Europe and America - Research Paper Example How the food is prepared and what they eat is significant to the ceremony. Furthermore, there are related religious ceremonies and meals that accompany wedding celebrations with concomitant health connotations. Therefore, this paper will compare weddings among Middle Easterners, Europeans and the Americans discussing their history, food symbolism, religious celebrations and health connotations. To begin with, the history of wedding in the United States is rather interesting. Traditionally, weddings were seen as a means of wealth and not necessarily out of desire or love. In fact, wedding symbolized the financial security that the groom provides to the bride’s family when the couple marries. Furthermore, brides were chosen in line with their economic worth. It precisely had nothing to do with affection. However, at the turn of the nineteenth century, couples began marrying for love (Wallace, 2004). In contrast to American wedding, Arab weddings were arranged marriages. When a young man reaches the appropriate for marriage, his family will go out and search for a potential bride. The process of investigation takes into account the girl’s physical beauty, cleanliness, education, educational level and her qualities as a house wife. Additionally, the groom’s family takes consideration of the behavior and reputation of the bride’s family (Monger, 2004 ). On the other hand, European wedding traditions are largely borrowed from other traditions. It is worthwhile noting that wedding traditions vary among European nations. Traditional European customs involved kidnapping bride and fighting off the bride’s tribesmen using a sword. Thereafter, the groom would hide the bride for one month in an unknown location; a process known as the ‘honeymoon’. However, things changed during the Victorian era. In the contemporary Europe, wedding borrows heavily from Christian practices. Notable is the white dress, denoting ‘white wedding’. The white dress

Islam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Islam - Assignment Example As it is implied by both God and Holy Prophet (PBUH) that only righteous deeds can elevate one person over the rest, all Muslims immensely respect those who strive to do good and achieve noble objectives. Islam assigns different kinds of roles to men and women not on grounds of superiority or inferiority but because they have slightly different physical and emotional traits. Men mostly are physically and emotionally stronger than women so they are encouraged to work harder and support their whole family. The burden of work can be hugely stressful so it is reserved for the emotionally and physically stronger group. But that does not mean that Islam strictly prohibits women from becoming educationally accomplished or going out of their homes to earn money. Islam does not see any harm in women striving to make sure both ends are met when situation gets rough. Quran implies that gender equality should be put into practice (Muslim Women’s League, 2012). Life in Arabian Island befor e Islam reached it: Life in Arabian Island before Islam dawned on it is characterized by scholars as wild, wayward, lawless, undirected, restless, ominous, and demonic. Islam brought with itself the phenomenally relieving messages of peace, discipline, respect, lawfulness, ethics, humanity, and obedience. By emphasizing the presence of a higher being who should be respected and worshipped, Islam erased any possibility of jealousy or discrimination among Muslims. If Quran and Sunnah had implied that anyone among the followers who is virtuous and noble could be worshipped, conflict and discrimination would have resulted and there would have been multiple gods. But Islam put an end to such misery and asked all to observe one being and none else. Life in Arabian Island before Islam reached it was so exceedingly wayward that men and women were made to dance naked in the vicinity of the Ka’bah as part of the rituals and men used to bury their daughters alive out of gross hatred and gender discrimination (Subhani, n.d.). Before the advent of Islam, the Arab people used to treat women as mere sex objects who could be used for pleasure only and were granted no rights or protection. In stark contrast to the ancient teachings of other religions which stress that women are inherently sinful and wicked beings with no sense whatsoever and men are born virtuous and noble, Islam implies in accordance with the revolutionary teachings of Quran and Sunnah that men and women should be considered equal everywhere as they are created from the same soul and both are born innocent (Doi, n.d.). Changes brought by Islam in the Muslim culture: Islam brought multiple revolutionary and commendable changes in the Muslim culture. In fact Islam created the Muslim culture as before this religion dawned, there was no Muslim culture but a disgustful wilderness. General morals and manners of the Arabs before the advent of Islam were very low and fraught with weaknesses so Islam strived to elevate them up to a higher level so that Muslims could be distinguished on grounds of high morals and not on grounds of ignorance and waywardness. Due to lack of proper guidance and prevalence of immorality and ignorance, Arabs before the advent of Islam led a life similar to that of uncontrollable beasts and often breached law. Islam brought the change by creating a strong justice system one

How Efficient Are The Oral Anticoagulants Over Warfarin Assignment

How Efficient Are The Oral Anticoagulants Over Warfarin - Assignment Example On the other hand, the action new oral anticoagulants in the body; dabigatran, in this case, can be reversed using hemodialysis. This method works to remove dabigatran from the body in 3 hours hence it can be used to treat dabigatran toxicity. Dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban are eliminated from the body through the renal system. Before their administration, clinicians are advised to diagnose and ascertain the patient's creatinine clearance using the Cockcroft-Gault formula. This will help in determining the dosage requirement for various patients. In warfarin administration, there is no agreed mechanism of administering the dosages to patients. The drug has been in use for 60 years yet clinicians do not have a clear basis for determining the right amount of the drug to be administered to patients. Various factors that inhibit the function of warfarin have been identified and they vary from patient to patient. This makes it difficult for clinicians to ascertain the correct dosag e for various patients. This is one of the reasons that make warfarin less effective and more dangerous compared to the new oral anticoagulants. All the above arguments present evidence against the use of warfarin. It limitations has made it ineffective for clinical use but despite this, it is still used by clinicians all over the world since there is no established cure for the conditions it treats. New oral anticoagulants, on the other hand, have been found to have lesser flaws and are more effective in treating patients with nonvalvular AF.

Diversity in The Workplace Essay Example for Free

Diversity in The Workplace Essay Diversity has several definitions. According to Schmidle (2010), workplace diversity is a people issue, focusing on the differences and similarities that people bring to an organization. It is usually defined broadly to include dimensions beyond those specified legally in equal opportunity and affirmative action non-discrimination statues. Diversity is often interpreted to include dimensions which influence the identities and perspective that people bring, such as profession, education, parental status and geographic location. If you think of diversity and all of the categories it can be a bit overwhelming. Schmidle did leave out several categories that include age, gender, income level, social status, political views, religion, and marital status. The word â€Å"diversity† has a kind of conflict ring to it but it doesn’t necessarily mean it is a bad thing. Diversity can in fact be a good thing. Schmidle later goes on to discuss some of this positive outcomes of diversity including one of the most important aspects of diversity which is learning new things from others. If we are around the same people everyday that are the exact same and do things the exact same it is hard for people to think outside the box. This paper will discuss positive and negative aspects of diversity focusing on age. It will also discuss other forms of diversity as well. When discussing age diversity it is important to discuss the different categories. Individuals over 60 are considered to be the Traditionalist generation. Individuals in their mid-40’s to 60’s are baby boomers. Those in their late 20’s to early 40’s are in the Generation X category and the most recent generation is Generation Y who are early 20’s or younger (Bell, Narz, 2007). Each one of these groups has been described as having certain characteristics. Traditionalists are defined as having a more traditional  working environment. They typically work 9:00 A.M. to 5:00 but are said to work late and weekends during busy periods if necessary. Traditionalist are also said to be hard working, loyal employees who respect authority. It is typical for wives of this category to have been home with the children while the male is or was at work bringing in the sole income. Traditionalists are retiring from the work force at a steady rate but still remain influential in today’s working environment (Bell, Narz 2007). Baby Boomers are the children of Traditionalists and also thought to have a strong work ethic. A difference between Boomers and Traditionalists is that they are dual-career couples with the women working as well as the men. Boomers are said to question authority and have also been labeled the â€Å"me generation† (Bell, Narz 2007). Generation Xers are the children of Baby Boomers. They have grown up watching their parents working to try and have it all and have been affected by their parents working hard and late hours. They are more family and parent oriented, optimistic and confident. They are said to not have a very strong loyalty to their employer and tend to work for someone that best fits their needs (Bell, Narz 2007). Generation Y are the children of Generation X and are also called the millennials, the internet generation, and also the Echo Boomers. This is due to their computer knowledge and also due to them being one of the largest generations since the Baby Boomers. At a young age they were introduced to different lifestyles and cultures in school. Being that they were exposed so young they tend to have more accustomed to different races, sexual orientation, and ethnic groups. Generation Ys like to be challenged and want flexibility and telecommuting options. They are also family oriented and want to work part time or time off when having children (Bell, Narz 2007). After describing these different groups it is clear there is a difference in attitude, respect, loyalty, goals, and work ethic. Putting all of these individuals in a working environment together would seem like a very bad idea. Schaefer 2010 States: The popular press paints a picture of generational divide at work. Mature workers (Traditionalists and Baby Boomers) are portrayed as loyal and hardworking, but dinosaurs when it comes to innovation and technology. Younger employees (Generation Xers and Millennials) are viewed as innovative, but disrespectful, lazy, and egocentric. Taken at face value, these stereotypes can lead to conflict and turmoil in the workplace. Schafer later describes that this is not the case and actually have more similarities than differences. She also informs the reader that age diversity is a value to our organizations and will be a â€Å"an important component in the divers workforce of the future.† (Schaefer, 2010). What are some benefits and who does it affect? One benefit is respect. By respecting others differences productivity increases which can affect an employee and an organization economically, financially and competitiveness (Green, 2008). By being more productive the company makes more money, which makes it possible for them to be competitive. When a company makes more money it is easier for them to give raises and bonuses. Also when a company has diversity in the workplace it can reduce lawsuits and increase marketing opportunities, recruitment, creativity, and business image (Green, 2008). Diversity is not only positive. It can be if you have the right group of people working but for the most part managers will find obstacles and challenges. When I was managing I always said it only takes one individual to destroy a group’s character and flow. This type of person looks for problems and gets the rest of the group members worked up. Something simple like a gossiper can ruin a group’s charisma. If a group member is racist or not accepting of particular member’s religious views or sex it can also affect the rest of the group (Green, 2008). This can lead to the loss of personnel and effect work production which in turn affects the employees and organization economically, financially, and its competitiveness. Also if an individual is not socially accepting of others it affects the companies view to the customers and shareholders. The chain fast food restaurant Chik-Fil-A has recently announced it does not support same sex marriage. The public exploded with outrage and tens of thousands of people vowed to never eat  there again. If a business employs an individual who voices their discrimination, prejudice, or stereotyping of a particular group the same outcome could happen if left unchecked. I think for the most part we could all agree the older generation was not as accepting to different races, religion, and sexual preference as much as the younger generation is. This certainly does not mean a younger person would not be discriminatory or that all Traditional workers are discriminatory but it is something managers need to understand. Business will typically have a note on discrimination in their by laws or employee hand books that any form whether it be for age, sex, ethnicity, sexual preference will not be tolerated. Colleges employing individuals will have this as well. An example of this is the University of California’s system wide non-discrimination statement: â€Å"It is the policy of the University not to engage in discrimination against or harassment of any person employed or seeking employment with the University of California on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity, pregnancy, physical or mental disability, medical condition (cancer-related or genetic Characteristics), ancestry, marital status, age, sexual orientation citizenship, or status as a covered veteran. This policy applies to all employment practices, including recruitment, selection, promotion, transfer, merit increase, salary, training, and development, demotion, and separation. † (University of California, 2011). Having non-discrimination statements like this allows employees, the public, shareholders, and other colleges or competition see discrimination of any kind will not be tolerated at the school. This can help the business have a positive image to all who read it. It is fairly uncommon to find a current business without some form of discrimination statement. The one from the University of California above is very descriptive and most that I have found do not go into this much detail. The University of California also has their Principles of Community: â€Å"We recognize, value, and affirm that social diversity contributes richness to the University community and enhances the quality of campus life for  individuals and groups. We take pride in our various achievements and we celebrate our differences.† (University of California, 2011). These types of guiding principles allows the community and any other readers know the University welcomes differences in individuals. If someone was having any reservations about attending this University or working for them this further assures the individual the University would welcome them no matter how different they are. Age diversity can also affect the way a person is treated. If you think about front-line management, mid-management, senior management you typically vision an older individual at the senior management level, a slightly younger individual at the mid-management level, and again a slightly younger individual at the front-line management level. Does age have to do with getting promoted? If I simply get older will I be promoted? Apparently it does not but it does have a huge impact on getting dismissed. If an employee is more than twenty percent younger than their superior they are more likely to be let go. If the employee is less than twenty percent younger than their superior they are less likely to be let go (Giuliano, Leonard, Leving, 2006). This study shows a superior is much more likely to dismiss someone who is considerable younger than them compared to if the employee is rather close in age. The workforce demographics are also shifting. It has been reported workers in the age group of 55-64 there will be 36.5 percent more compared to 2006. That is a drastic increase. What about those ages 65-74 and employees 75 and up? There is projected an 80 percent increase in both. This means people are working longer and past the retirement age (Schaefers, 2010). This also lets us know age diversity with the Generation X needs to be paid attention to by employers. Many feel we have a solid understanding of this group already while others feel we have been focusing on the Traditional workers more. Whatever the case it is pretty clear employers will need to be prepared to provide for this generation and others who follow. How do we do that? We need to understand how each generation feels and act. Mature workers value loyalty from and to the company. They often few their younger co-workers as not having enough company allegiance. Generation Xers are considered to be loyal to a team, boss, or project but  not necessarily a company. Baby Boomers and Traditional workers may view this as disrespectful and it could cause conflict (Schaefers, 2010). We need to understand the core values of generations. Many values are shared between generations. The Traditionalists raised the baby Boomers. The Baby Boomers raised the Generation X and the Generation X raised the Generation Y. It is easy to understand some of the traits of the older generations have been passed down especially family. It did take some negative steps at times. The traditionalist taught their children to work hard and be loyal. This had a kind of family second effect and the Generation X was affected by this. They are very family oriented and family always comes first. So an employer would need to know that if they plan on keeping Generation X employees around they need to allow them to have flexible schedules and they need to be able to take time off for family(Schaefers, 2010). We need to expand our communication approaches as well with the other groups coming up. The millennial generation is extremely technology oriented and it is very important in their lives. This generation does most of their business through electronics and technology as well as their personal life (Schaefers, 2010). One of the major characteristic an employer should have and should instill on all employees is to show respect to one another. A younger employee does not want to get disrespected for a possible new and out of the box idea just as an older employee doesn’t want to disrespected for doing something the same way for so long. We have all heard treat others like you would like to be treated and it holds a lot of weight when trying to get different generations to work in a cohesive and productive manner (Schaefers, 2010). Productivity is another topic employer and employees are concerned with. Some feel the older workers do not work as hard or are productive as younger employees. Some decide this is true whether or not it is and respond to it. Making comments or speaking to other employees and management about the lack of work is one form. The truth is studies have shown this is not necessarily true in all cases. A three year study was conducted with a hardware chain. One store was staffed with only employees over the age of fifty, while the other five stores were staffed with younger employees. The over fifty store was considerably more productive in major business aspects than two of the other five stores and was close to the other three in sales generated against labor costs (Robbins, Judge, 2011). This is an impressive study that can refute arguments that the older individuals are not worth employing. Employers carry mixed feelings about older worker. Some feel they are more loyal, have more experience, better judgment, and stronger work ethic. Others feel they lack in flexibility and are not accustomed to today’s technology. When these employers are looking for new hires it is common for the older applicants to be looked over and if they are hired they are usually the first to go when it comes to layoffs (Robbins, Judge, 2011). The opportunity to quit is also a concern for employers. Given that an older applicant has fewer employment opportunities it is thought some employers hire these individuals based on the idea that they will not leave once hired. The younger applicant is thought to have greater opportunity and a more willingness to change jobs or jump ship if the job is not what they expected. They younger generations are also thought to expect the employer and business to take care of there needs better than the older generations (Robbins, Judge, 2011). Some companies realize the value in older employees and actually make attempts to attract them. Boarders and the Vanguard Group have realized the value and have offered benefits and options that lure them in. Flexible hours and part time work are a couple of the things the older workers are looking for. Since most have at least thought about retirement if not already been retired, these groups of workers enjoy spending time with family and doing the things they enjoy. Most states have agreed that a mandatory retirement is not necessary the pool of aged workers has increased dramatically. No longer is it required for individuals to retire at the age of 70. This has led a lot of workers to reinter or continue to be a part of the labor force. Some have lost loved ones and wish to socialize which they would not be able to do if they simply stayed home. The opportunity gives  them a reason to try and make new friends and also gives them a reason to stay busy. Others may have not prepared or had the opportunity to save up a proper retirement with today’s increasing prices and declining economy (Robbins, Judge, 2011). The employee’s job satisfaction needs to be considered when it comes to the diversity of age in a workplace. Employees over the age of 60 who are non professional’s satisfaction rate decreases during their middle ages and increases as they get older. Professional employees who were over the age of 60 however continually increased as they aged (Robbins, Judge, 2011). One of the ongoing concerns with diversity is if they want it. As discussed there are many advantages of having diversity in the workplace. If a company wants to grow it is important to allow new and different people to bring different things to the office table. This is so true that some literature can be found on how to increase workplace diversity. The most important decision for a company is to decide what kind of diversity they need. It may not be the best idea for a company whose main product is A company that sells women’s jewelry may n References Robbins, S.P., Judge, T.A. (2011). Organizational Behavior(14 ed.). 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